Can Mah Jongg Help Fight Alzheimer’s?

Written by Nguyenjessica 

Published on May 16 2025

Could Mahjong be the secret weapon for keeping your brain sharp? As we age, concerns about memory loss and declining focus grow stronger. But a decade-long study found that older adults who played Mahjong regularly performed better in memory, reaction time, and overall cognitive ability.

 

 Unlike other brain-boosting activities, Mahjong stands out with its unique blend of strategic thinking and social interaction. It’s not just a game—it’s a workout for your brain. Want to stay sharp and slow down cognitive aging? Maybe it’s time to pull up a chair and join the table.

Key Points

Science-backed: Playing Mahjong daily or several times a week can help maintain—and even improve—cognitive function in older adults.

 

Full-brain workout: Mahjong stimulates memory, attention, reaction speed, language, and decision-making.

 

Unique edge: Compared to cards, chess, or brain training apps, Mahjong combines mental challenge with rich social engagement.

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Table of content

What is Mahjong and how is it played?

Can Mahjong really help keep your brain sharp as you age? 

What parts of your brain get a workout when you're playing Mahjong?

 

How often do you need to play for it to make a difference?

Are there any downsides to playing too much Mahjong?

How does Mahjong stack up against other brain-boosting activities?

What is Mahjong and how is it played?

Mahjong is a fast-paced and fascinating tile game that holds a special place in Chinese culture. It's much more than a pastime—it’s a way to sharpen your memory, boost your thinking, and stay socially active.

 

For many older adults in China, Mahjong is part of daily life. Think of it like bridge or poker, but with more tiles and a lot more mental action.

 

The game is usually played by four people, seated around a square table. A set of tiles—typically over a hundred—is shuffled and stacked into walls. Players then draw their starting hand.

 

Each player begins with 13 tiles, and the dealer gets one extra. The aim is to form a complete hand of 14 tiles using certain combinations:

Pongs (three of a kind)

Chows (three consecutive numbers in the same suit)

Kongs (four of a kind)

And a pair (two identical tiles)

 

Turns: Players take turns drawing and discarding tiles while trying to complete their hand.

Winning: A player calls “Mahjong” when they complete a legal winning hand.

Can Mahjong really help keep your brain sharp as you age?

Scientific evidence confirms it: Mahjong is good for your brain.

 

A decade-long study tracking over 7,500 older Chinese adults revealed that regular Mahjong players had significantly better cognitive scores than those who didn’t play.

 

The more often they played—especially daily—the better they performed in memory, attention, reaction speed, and coordination.

 

From 2008 to 2018, those who didn’t play Mahjong showed a faster and sharper decline in brain function.

 

Even more compelling, the study found that Mahjong actually helped improve or preserve cognition—not just that smart people played more. In short, it was Mahjong helping the brain, not the other way around.

 

Why is it so effective? Because Mahjong is both mentally and socially engaging. It taps into several cognitive skills at once, including:

Memory and attention

Logical thinking and pattern recognition

Language, judgment, and decision-making

What parts of your brain get a workout when you're playing Mahjong?

Did you know that playing Mahjong gives your brain a full workout? Especially for older adults, it's an activity that engages multiple parts of the mind at once.

 

It’s more than just picking tiles—it’s thinking, remembering, reacting, and connecting with others. Here's how it helps:


Which Brain Areas Are Involved?

these brain regions are likely involved:

  • Prefrontal cortex – planning and decision-making
  • Hippocampus – memory and learning
  • Parietal lobes – calculation and spatial logic
  • Temporal lobes – language and sound processing

 

What Mental Skills Get a Boost?

  • Attention and Calculation:You need to stay focused, calculate which tiles are still in play, and track the whole game. This sharpens focus and math-related thinking.
  • Reaction Speed:The game moves fast. You have to think quickly and act fast. Daily players tend to have much better reaction scores than non-players.
  • Memory and Recall:Remembering which tiles have been played and what patterns are possible helps improve both short- and long-term memory.
  • Self-Coordination:Planning, judging, adjusting—these actions rely on strong coordination and decision-making, all of which Mahjong helps strengthen.
  • Language and Communication:As a social game, Mahjong encourages talking, interpreting others’ moves, and expressing your own ideas—great for verbal skills and social understanding.

How often do you need to play for it to make a difference?

When it comes to Mahjong, the more often you play, the better it is for your brain—especially if you do it daily or several times a week.

 

That 10-year study found that both occasional and regular Mahjong players had better cognitive scores than non-players. But those who played almost daily saw the greatest benefits in memory, attention, reaction time, and coordination.

 

Here’s what the research found:

Seniors who played daily in both 2011 and 2018 had higher memory and reaction scores

Even occasional players (once a week or month) did better than those who never played

 

Non-players showed clear cognitive decline over time, while regular players maintained or improved brain function

 

One related study even found that playing Mahjong three times a week for 12 weeks improved executive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.

 

So, if you're aiming to boost your brain, playing Mahjong regularly is the key.

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Are there any downsides to playing too much Mahjong?

⚠️ Health Concerns from Prolonged Sitting
Spending long hours seated at the Mahjong table can affect cardiovascular and digestive health. One study linked excessive Mahjong time with these physical issues.  It’s important to play in moderation and maintain a balanced lifestyle.

 

⚠️ Link with Smoking and Alcohol Use
Some research suggests that Mahjong is often played in social environments where smoking and drinking are more common. While not caused by the game itself, the setting may influence these habits. It’s wise to be mindful of these behaviors when engaging socially.

 

⚠️ Risk of Gambling Behavior
Though Mahjong is a cultural game, it has also been tied to gambling in some communities. A study in Sydney found that Mahjong gambling is not rare, and some individuals face problem gambling issues. Awareness and self-regulation are key to avoiding such risks and preserving the game’s true value.

How does Mahjong stack up against other brain-boosting activities?

Among various brain-boosting activities, Mahjong stands out as a well-rounded choice—especially for older adults looking to keep their minds sharp.

 

Cognitive Benefits of Mahjong

  • Improves Brain Function: Regular play helps enhance memory, attention, calculation skills, and self-coordination
  • Lowers Dementia Risk: Frequent Mahjong players are less likely to develop dementia
  • Boosts Executive Function: Even those with mild cognitive impairment can see improvements after playing several times a week for a few months

 

How It Compares to Other Activities

  • Card Games: Great for the brain, but Mahjong offers more complexity and social interaction
  • Chess: Excellent for strategic thinking, though less socially engaging
  • Aerobic Exercise: Promotes brain health by increasing neuroplasticity, but lacks Mahjong’s real-time mental stimulation
  • Brain Training Apps: Research shows limited real-world cognitive benefits

 

 

Rerference


 

Longitudinal associations between the frequency of playing Mahjong and cognitive functioning among older people in China: evidence from CLHLS, 2008–2018

 

The effect of mahjong/bridge intellectual sports on the subjective wellbeing of middle-aged and older adults: an empirical analysis from the mixed cross-section data of CHARLS in China

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