Speak in a calm and gentle voice.
Keep your tone soft, your words simple, and your pace slow. This soothes their nerves and prevents further confusion or stress.
Use supportive body language.
Maintain soft eye contact without staring back. Smile gently, nod, and if appropriate, offer a comforting touch like holding their hand—always watch how they respond.
Acknowledge their feelings, not just the behavior.
Don’t argue or correct. Instead, say something like, “I can see you’re feeling unsure—I’m here with you.” This validates their emotions and makes them feel seen and supported.
Reassure them verbally.
Say things like “You’re safe” or “I’m right here.” These simple words offer immense comfort.
Simplify the environment.
Reduce clutter and noise. Too many people or sudden movements can be overwhelming. Let them know when someone enters or leaves the room to avoid confusion.
Gently redirect with familiar activities.
Looking at a photo album, folding towels, or listening to music can help. These tasks provide structure, calm, and a sense of familiarity.
Be patient and listen actively.
If they try to speak, listen without interrupting. Show you’re listening with eye contact and encouraging gestures. Give them time—it shows respect and builds trust.
Avoid arguing or correcting.
Their reality may be different. Trying to explain it away may cause more distress. Focus on what they feel, and offer calm reassurance instead.